Judaism is considered in history, and even more so in the modern and contemporary world, as an expression of the highest identity of people, but also as a suffered representation of a diaspora that places the Jew out of any context. In this sense, Judaism become a paradigm of the rejection of a nationalistic and ethnocentric identity, as well as of a totalitarian impersonal neutrality, that led to the European accomplishment of overcoming the tragic divisions of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. There is a variety of Jewish schools of thought, related to the political dimension, which proves the presence of a multitude of visions contrary to the Zionist phenomenon; Judaism refers to ethics, which becomes in the political dimension the engine for cohabitation and justice, established in a private and public context.
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